In order to assess the prevalence of paratuberculosis in a deer farm, direct and indirect tests were performed on 24 young animals (yearlings and 2 years old animals). There was an history of diarrhoea last year in animals imported from the United Kingdom. These animals were slaughtered without any definitive diagnosis but faecal samples were taken for further bacteriological examination.The following tests where performed: serology (M. paratuberculosis Ac-ELISA, Idexx), comparative cervical skin test using M. bovis PPD and M. avium PPD, using M. bovis PPD, M. avium PPD as antigens as well as PMA - Ionomycin and M. phlei PPD respectively as positive and negative controls. Microscopic examination after a Ziehl-Neelsen staining was also done.Four positive serological results, 3 positive skin tests and 3 positive lymphoproliferation tests were observed in animals older than 2 years. No positive serological results were observed in the yearling group whereas some sensitisation were observed in the skin test as well as in the lymphoproliferation test for the same group of animals. The degree of concordance between these indirect tests was poor. This can be explained partly because of the pathogenesis of the disease but also because of the absence of data according to the intrinsic values of these tests in wild farmed species. A Ziehl - Neelsen staining yielded a positive result on the animal already slaughtered. Three seropositive animals were slaughtered and histopathology was performed on mesenteric lymphnodes and on the ileon. Although no Ziehl-Neelsen staining yielded positive results, a catarrhal focal necrotic enteritis associated with a granulomatous lymphadenitis compatible with paratuberculosis as been evidenced. The bacteriology on all samples is pending. All together our results suggest that paratuberculosis is present in this deer farm, although the true intra-herd prevalence has still to be assessed.