Paratuberculosis was introduced into Sweden in the late 19th century through imported cattle (1;2). The disease was again introduced in 1951 by imported beef cattle (3). In 1962 another herd with imported beef cattle was found infected. All outbreaks were controlled by a slaughter policy. Paratuberculosis was made notifiable according to the epizootic diseases act in 1952. Since 1962 no cases of paratuberculosis have been diagnosed except in an imported suckler cow in 1993. Sweden is considered free from paratuberculosis on the following grounds. The disease is notifiable, which means that all suspected cases have to be reported by animal owners and veterinarians. By this way a continuous clinical surveillance is undertaken. All cattle and sheep undergoing sanitary slaughter are examined for signs of notifiable diseases. During 1993, as part of a larger study, relevant parts of the intestines of practically all slaughtered cattle over one year of age were inspected and intestines of all sanitary slaughtered animals were opened and inspected. By this way more than 260,000 normally slaughtered and 13,000 sanitary slaughtered cattle were examined. Two suspect cases were found. Both proved negative by culture. During 1993, a serological survey was performed, involving 4,000 cattle and 3,850 sheep. All cattle sera and all but two sheep sera were negative. The two flocks from which the positive sheep originated are currently subjected to further investigations. 1. Bergman. Scand. Vet. J. 1913; 3, 203-216.; 2. Hoflund. Fors. Forsk. 1954; 11, 67.; 3. Broberg. Swed. Vet. Assoc. 1954; 6, 138-144.