Data of 573 dairy cattle in a field vaccination trial were collected and divided into 269 vaccinated animals and 304 non-vaccinated controls. The economic loss for each culled cow in the non-vaccinated group was Dfl 1.708, and Dfl 1.452 in the vaccinated group. So, vaccinating against Mycobacterium paratuberculosis reduced the average economic loss with Dfl 256 per average culled cow and, therefore, turned out to be profitable. For cows with clinical paratuberculosis the decrease in milk production in the vaccinating group was 13%, while 21% in the non-vaccinated group.